Bias of the Maximum Likelihood Estimators of the Two-Parameter Gamma Distribution Revisited

Author Contact: David E. Giles, Dept. of Economics, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, B.C., Canada V8W 2Y2; e-mail: [email protected]; Phone: (250) 721-8540; FAX: (250) 721-6214 Abstract We consider the quality of the maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the two-parameter gamma distribution in small samples. We show that the methodology suggested by Cox and Snell (1968) can be used very easily to bias-adjust these estimators. A simulation study shows that this analytic correction is frequently much more effective than bias-adjusting using the bootstrap – generally by an order of magnitude in percentage terms. The two bias-correction methods considered result in increased variability in small samples, and the original estimators and their bias-corrected counterparts all have similar percentage mean squared